1066 On December 30, 1066, a Muslim mob stormed the royal palace in Granada, Spain, which was at that time in Muslim-ruled al-Andalus, assassinated the Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela and massacred most of the city's Jewish population. More than 1,500 Jewish families, numbering an estimated 4,000 persons, fell in one day.
1460 The future Richard III's father Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and elder brother Edmund, Earl of Rutland, were killed by their rival house the Lancastrians at the Battle of Wakefield on December 30, 1460. Richard, who was eight years old, and his brother George were sent by his mother, the Duchess of York, to the Low Countries. They returned to England a few months later and participated in the coronation of Richard's eldest brother as King Edward IV in June 1461.
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| The 1066 Granada Massacre |
1460 The future Richard III's father Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and elder brother Edmund, Earl of Rutland, were killed by their rival house the Lancastrians at the Battle of Wakefield on December 30, 1460. Richard, who was eight years old, and his brother George were sent by his mother, the Duchess of York, to the Low Countries. They returned to England a few months later and participated in the coronation of Richard's eldest brother as King Edward IV in June 1461.
1672 English musical composer and violinist John Banister staged London's first lucrative public music concert on December 30, 1672. The first of a series of concerts given at his own house, at Whitefriars, London, he charged one shilling admission. The audience, on payment of their admission, were entitled to demand what music they wished to be performed.
1816 Percy Bysshe Shelley married Mary Godwin at St Mildred's Church, London on December 30, 1816. The wedding took place 20 days after the poet's estranged and pregnant first wife Harriet drowned herself. The Shelleys attempts to gain custody of Percy's two children by Harriet failed, but their writing careers enjoyed more success when, in the spring of 1817, Mary completed her novel Frankenstein.
1852 Future US President Rutherford B. Hayes married Lucy Webb on December 30, 1852, at the house of Lucy's mother. The wedding was performed by Dr. L.D. McCabe of Delaware. The couple did not drink alcoholic beverages and Lucy served lemonade and other non-alcoholic drinks at the White House instead, earning herself the nickname "Lemonade Lucy."
1853 On December 30, 1853, The United States purchased approximately 29,600 square miles (77,000 km2) of land in southern Arizona and the southwestern part of New Mexico from Mexico for $10 million. The Gadsden Purchase represented the last parcel of land acquired by the United States to complete the 48 mainland states.
1862 On December 30, 1862, Union troops near Murfreesboro, Tennessee, played “Yankee Doodle” and “Hail Columbia.” Their Confederate foes answered with “Dixie,” and the two sides ended the night playing “Home, Sweet Home” together. The Battle of Stones River that followed, fought between New Year’s Eve and January. 2, 1863, was among the American Civil War's brutalist, with over 23,500 men killed, wounded, or missing.
1816 Percy Bysshe Shelley married Mary Godwin at St Mildred's Church, London on December 30, 1816. The wedding took place 20 days after the poet's estranged and pregnant first wife Harriet drowned herself. The Shelleys attempts to gain custody of Percy's two children by Harriet failed, but their writing careers enjoyed more success when, in the spring of 1817, Mary completed her novel Frankenstein.
1852 Future US President Rutherford B. Hayes married Lucy Webb on December 30, 1852, at the house of Lucy's mother. The wedding was performed by Dr. L.D. McCabe of Delaware. The couple did not drink alcoholic beverages and Lucy served lemonade and other non-alcoholic drinks at the White House instead, earning herself the nickname "Lemonade Lucy."
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| Rutherford and Lucy Hayes on their wedding day |
1853 On December 30, 1853, The United States purchased approximately 29,600 square miles (77,000 km2) of land in southern Arizona and the southwestern part of New Mexico from Mexico for $10 million. The Gadsden Purchase represented the last parcel of land acquired by the United States to complete the 48 mainland states.
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| Territorial enlargement of the United States, the Gadsden Purchase shown in red-orange |
1862 On December 30, 1862, Union troops near Murfreesboro, Tennessee, played “Yankee Doodle” and “Hail Columbia.” Their Confederate foes answered with “Dixie,” and the two sides ended the night playing “Home, Sweet Home” together. The Battle of Stones River that followed, fought between New Year’s Eve and January. 2, 1863, was among the American Civil War's brutalist, with over 23,500 men killed, wounded, or missing.
1865 Author and poet Rudyard Kipling was born on December 30, 1865 in Bombay (now Mumbai), in the Bombay Presidency of British India. He was named after Rudyard Lake, a reservoir in Staffordshire in the English Midlands, which was the place where his parents first met. Rudyard and his younger sister Alice ("Trix") had an Indian nurse who told them wonderful stories about the jungle animals, which inspired his collection of short stories written for children, Jungle Book (1894).
1879 The American March King John Philip Sousa married Jane van Middlesworth Bellis (1862–1944). on December 30, 1879. Jane was descended from Adam Bellis who served in the New Jersey troops during the American Revolutionary War. They had three children: John Philip, Jr. , Jane Priscilla and Helen
1887 A petition signed by more than a million women and dated December 30, 1887 was addressed to Queen Victoria calling for all pubs to be closed on Sundays. This petition, known as the "National Anti-Public House Petition," was a testament to the growing temperance movement, particularly among women.
1903 The Iroquois Theater in Chicago was billed as "Absolutely Fireproof" in advertisements when it opened. It lasted 37 days before being destroyed on December 30, 1903 in what is still the deadliest single-building fire in United States history, leaving 602 dead and 250 injured.
1904 The term "radio" is derived from the Latin word "radius", meaning "spoke of a wheel, beam of light, ray." The regular use of "radio" as a standalone word dates back to only December 30, 1904, when instructions issued by the British Post Office for transmitting telegrams specified that "The word 'Radio'... is sent in the Service Instructions." Before that, such transmissions were always referred to as “wireless telegraphy”.
1906 The political session of the All India Muhammadan Educational Conference was held at the Ahsan Manzil palace of the Dhaka Nawab Family on December 30, 1906. In this session a motion to form an All India Muslim League (AIML), the first Muslim political party in the history of India, was proceeded. AIML developed into the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan as a Muslim state on the Indian subcontinent.
1910 Bill Haast, the director of the Miami Serpentarium Laboratories, was born on December 30, 1910. He founded the Miami Serpentarium in 1947, where he extracted venom from snakes in front of paying customers. Haast had been bitten 172 times by the time he reached the age of 97 and his blood was used to save 21 snakebite victims.
1916 Having decided that Grigori Rasputin's influence over the Tsarina had made him a threat to the empire, a group of nobles led by Prince Felix Yusupov, the Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich, and the right-wing politician Vladimir Purishkevich concocted a plan to kill Rasputin by luring him to the Yusupovs' Moika Palace. Rasputin was murdered during the early morning on December 30, 1916 at the home of Felix Yusupov.
1918 Al Capone married Mary ("Mae") Coughlin on December 30, 1918 at St. Mary Star of the Sea Roman Catholic Church, Brooklyn, New York. They tied the knot three weeks after their son (Albert Francis Capone, a.k.a. "Sonny") was born. Sonny was to remain Capone's only child.
1922 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (also known as the USSR or Soviet Union for short) was founded on December 30, 1922, five years after the Russian Revolution overthrew the monarchy of the Tsar. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics consisted of Russia and surrounding countries that today make up Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
1879 The American March King John Philip Sousa married Jane van Middlesworth Bellis (1862–1944). on December 30, 1879. Jane was descended from Adam Bellis who served in the New Jersey troops during the American Revolutionary War. They had three children: John Philip, Jr. , Jane Priscilla and Helen
1887 A petition signed by more than a million women and dated December 30, 1887 was addressed to Queen Victoria calling for all pubs to be closed on Sundays. This petition, known as the "National Anti-Public House Petition," was a testament to the growing temperance movement, particularly among women.
1903 The Iroquois Theater in Chicago was billed as "Absolutely Fireproof" in advertisements when it opened. It lasted 37 days before being destroyed on December 30, 1903 in what is still the deadliest single-building fire in United States history, leaving 602 dead and 250 injured.
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| Iroquois Theatre in a 1903 photo |
1904 The term "radio" is derived from the Latin word "radius", meaning "spoke of a wheel, beam of light, ray." The regular use of "radio" as a standalone word dates back to only December 30, 1904, when instructions issued by the British Post Office for transmitting telegrams specified that "The word 'Radio'... is sent in the Service Instructions." Before that, such transmissions were always referred to as “wireless telegraphy”.
1906 The political session of the All India Muhammadan Educational Conference was held at the Ahsan Manzil palace of the Dhaka Nawab Family on December 30, 1906. In this session a motion to form an All India Muslim League (AIML), the first Muslim political party in the history of India, was proceeded. AIML developed into the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan as a Muslim state on the Indian subcontinent.
1910 Bill Haast, the director of the Miami Serpentarium Laboratories, was born on December 30, 1910. He founded the Miami Serpentarium in 1947, where he extracted venom from snakes in front of paying customers. Haast had been bitten 172 times by the time he reached the age of 97 and his blood was used to save 21 snakebite victims.
1916 Having decided that Grigori Rasputin's influence over the Tsarina had made him a threat to the empire, a group of nobles led by Prince Felix Yusupov, the Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich, and the right-wing politician Vladimir Purishkevich concocted a plan to kill Rasputin by luring him to the Yusupovs' Moika Palace. Rasputin was murdered during the early morning on December 30, 1916 at the home of Felix Yusupov.
1918 Al Capone married Mary ("Mae") Coughlin on December 30, 1918 at St. Mary Star of the Sea Roman Catholic Church, Brooklyn, New York. They tied the knot three weeks after their son (Albert Francis Capone, a.k.a. "Sonny") was born. Sonny was to remain Capone's only child.
1922 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (also known as the USSR or Soviet Union for short) was founded on December 30, 1922, five years after the Russian Revolution overthrew the monarchy of the Tsar. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics consisted of Russia and surrounding countries that today make up Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
1927 The Ginza Line, the first subway line in Asia, opened in Tokyo on December 30, 1927. Back then, it only ferried people between Ueno and Asakusa. Today it is 14.3 km (8.9 mi) long and serves the wards of Shibuya, Minato, Chūō, Chiyoda, and Taitō. The line was named after the Ginza commercial district in Chūō, under which it passes
1930 Chinese chemist and pharmacist Tu Youyou was born on December 30, 1930. Tu Youyou, a woman with no medical degree, anonymously found the cure for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in 1977—38 years later, she was given the Nobel Prize. Tu says she was influenced by a traditional Chinese herbal medicine source, The Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergency Treatments, written in 340 by Ge Hong.
1942 When Frank Sinatra opened at New York's Paramount Theatre on December 30, 1942, he was dubbed "The Sultan of Swoon," as teen girls screamed and cried. Sinatra became the idol of "bobbysoxer" teenage fans everywhere, culminating in the "Columbus Day Riot" of 1944, when 35,000 teenage girls mobbed the New York Paramount to see him sing.
1947 During World War II, Romania was an ally of Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union until 1944, when it joined the Allied powers and faced occupation by the Red Army forces. Romania lost several territories, of which Northern Transylvania was regained after the war. Following the war, Romania became a socialist republic and member of the Warsaw Pact. King Michael I of Romania was forced to abdicate his throne on December 30, 1947.
1952 On December 30, 1952 Albert Gunton, a London city bus driver, was driving the number 78 bus over Tower Bridge towards Shoreditch, when the bridge began to rise to allow a ship to pass. He made a split decision and accelerated clearing the 6ft drop. Gunton later was awarded £10 for bravery.
1953 The first compatible color television sets went on sale by the Admiral corporation on December 30, 1953 for about $1,175. The Admiral color TV had a 15" screen. Color television adoption took some time, and it wasn't until the 1960s and 1970s that color TV became more widespread in households.
1956 A Bolivian tourist threw a stone at the Mona Lisa in the Louvre, scratching her left elbow on December 30, 1956. "I had a stone in my pocket and suddenly the idea to throw it came to mind", the tourist, Hugo Unjaga Villegas, said.
1975 Tiger Woods was born on December 30, 1975 in Cypress, California, to Earl and Kultida "Tida" Woods. He is their only child. The real first names of Tiger Woods are Eldrick Tont. He was nicknamed "Tiger" by his father after an old Vietnam War friend called "Tiger" Vuong Dang Phong. Woods started playing golf aged one under the tutelage of his father, who was one of Kansas State University's first African-American college baseball players.
1981 In the 39th game of his third NHL season, on December 30, 1981, Wayne Gretzky scored five goals giving him 50 for the year. This set a new NHL record previously held by Maurice Richard and Mike Bossy who earlier had each scored 50 goals in 50 games.
1986 The British Government announced on December 30, 1986 that they were phasing out the use of canaries in coal mines. The birds are very sensitive to toxic gases and had been used to warn miners of danger.
1998 Angela Merkel first met her second and current husband, chemistry professor Joachim Sauer, in 1981. They became a couple later and married privately on December 30, 1998. Merkel has no children, but Sauer has two adult sons from a previous marriage.
1999 Sarah Knauss, a supercentenarian and oldest ever American, lived for 119 years and 97 days. She was born in Pennsylvania on September 24, 1880 and died on December 30, 1999; just 2 days shy of the year 2000.
2006 Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was found guilty of the massacre of 148 Shi'a Muslims in 1982, and sentenced to death. He was hanged on December 30, 2006 at 6:05 AM, Iraqi time. Saddam refused to wear a hood during his execution. Saddam was buried the following day at his birthplace of Al-Awja in Tikrit, Iraq, two miles from his sons Uday and Qusay Hussein.
2011 The people of Samoa missed December 30, 2011. This was because the nation of Samoa observed the same time as the Samoa Time Zone until it moved across the International Date Line at the end of December 29, 2011 making it 24 hours (25 hours in summer) ahead of American Samoa. As a result, the date of December 30, 2011 was omitted in Samoa.
2012 On December 30, 2012 a British man, Graham Hughes, set a new Guinness World Record by becoming the first person to visit all 193 countries of the United Nations - without using a plane. Mr Hughes spent four years travelling around the world, visiting 201 countries in total.
1956 A Bolivian tourist threw a stone at the Mona Lisa in the Louvre, scratching her left elbow on December 30, 1956. "I had a stone in my pocket and suddenly the idea to throw it came to mind", the tourist, Hugo Unjaga Villegas, said.
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| Mona Lisa |
1975 Tiger Woods was born on December 30, 1975 in Cypress, California, to Earl and Kultida "Tida" Woods. He is their only child. The real first names of Tiger Woods are Eldrick Tont. He was nicknamed "Tiger" by his father after an old Vietnam War friend called "Tiger" Vuong Dang Phong. Woods started playing golf aged one under the tutelage of his father, who was one of Kansas State University's first African-American college baseball players.
1981 In the 39th game of his third NHL season, on December 30, 1981, Wayne Gretzky scored five goals giving him 50 for the year. This set a new NHL record previously held by Maurice Richard and Mike Bossy who earlier had each scored 50 goals in 50 games.
1986 The British Government announced on December 30, 1986 that they were phasing out the use of canaries in coal mines. The birds are very sensitive to toxic gases and had been used to warn miners of danger.
1998 Angela Merkel first met her second and current husband, chemistry professor Joachim Sauer, in 1981. They became a couple later and married privately on December 30, 1998. Merkel has no children, but Sauer has two adult sons from a previous marriage.
1999 Sarah Knauss, a supercentenarian and oldest ever American, lived for 119 years and 97 days. She was born in Pennsylvania on September 24, 1880 and died on December 30, 1999; just 2 days shy of the year 2000.
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| Knauss at age 100 in 1980 |
2006 Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was found guilty of the massacre of 148 Shi'a Muslims in 1982, and sentenced to death. He was hanged on December 30, 2006 at 6:05 AM, Iraqi time. Saddam refused to wear a hood during his execution. Saddam was buried the following day at his birthplace of Al-Awja in Tikrit, Iraq, two miles from his sons Uday and Qusay Hussein.
2011 The people of Samoa missed December 30, 2011. This was because the nation of Samoa observed the same time as the Samoa Time Zone until it moved across the International Date Line at the end of December 29, 2011 making it 24 hours (25 hours in summer) ahead of American Samoa. As a result, the date of December 30, 2011 was omitted in Samoa.
2012 On December 30, 2012 a British man, Graham Hughes, set a new Guinness World Record by becoming the first person to visit all 193 countries of the United Nations - without using a plane. Mr Hughes spent four years travelling around the world, visiting 201 countries in total.
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